Education and/or
manipulation
Physical punishment
of children is fortunately no longer allowed1
in Denmark which in general certainly has contributed to reduce
violence in the ordinary family, since the relationship between
generations to a great extent is influenced by internal family
"tradition" which very often can only be broken by massive
external influences, in this case the law.
But which means of
influence/motivation are adequate in the upbringing of children?
Most immediately likeable
seems the nudge approach to behavior change.
The nudge concept comes
from the book “Nudge: Improving Decisions about health, wealth and
happiness” from 2008.
Nudging is about behavior
changing initiatives that work without depriving people their options
and work without additional stimulus control, which makes the
approach particularly attractive. The starting point is the long list
of cognitive biases that modern behavioral research (behavioral
economics and cognitive psychology) has uncovered and in daily life
often results in behavior systematically differing from our good and
well-founded intentions.
But there are already here
two hurdles if nudging is used in relation to children.
Firstly, children often do
NOT have those good intentions that we like to acclaim as a part of
our “human nature".
And therefore parents
usually make sure, that their kids “right” choice is/seems more
attractive than the "wrong" choice.
Secondly, we are hence
moving into a border area where positive motivation borders or IS
manipulation, where the more experienced “nugdes” the less
experienced to do right that what mother or father wants, by letting
a decision in accordance with the parents' wishes look like a
decision to the child's own benefit.
It causes beyond the moral
dilemma also the additional problem that the child is not brought up
to do anything that it does not consider to be attractive - that is
what we call “duty”.
Beside nudging/positive
motivation/manipulation upbringing children within the legal
framework includes other more massive "threats": everything
from denial of attention to the refusal of love and closeness,
confinement to a certain extent, and probably a lot more that I just
can't remember here.
Those families avoiding
direct threats are probably the ones with the most gifted
manipulative parents who will have the greatest success in upbringing
without psychological "violence".
Such these parents raise
manipulation experts, who will then make their successful way through
life.
Manipulative skills
bordering psychopathology are what makes appreciated leaders - but
are those the kind of people we want as our beloved ones?
I do not know and have no
good solution, and certainly do NOT want to restore punishment as the
main element in upbringing - but what do we aim at??
The skilful manipulators
will not see any problem here - but that's probably also part of the
problem ...
1The
last right to use corporal punishment disappeared in 1985 with the
introduction of a provision in the Authority Act on the child's
right to include protection against physical violence; clarified the
1997 Act on custody and access, which forbids parents to expose
their children to corporal punishment or other degrading treatment.
Posted by Philipp Blau pm. 18:29